Religion and State: Moldova background per research and personal interest

US Department of State: International Religious Freedom Report 2005Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor: Moldova

Changos-Roman Catholics from Moldavia

Dr . Valeriu BOBUTAC, Ambassador Republic of Moldova to the Republic of Hungary.

I am pleased to welcome H.E. MR VALERIU BOBUTAC to the Vatican and to accept the Letters accrediting you as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Moldova to the Holy See. I thank you for your words and for the greetings which you bring from your President, Mr Vladimir Voronin. Please convey to him my sincere good wishes and assure him of my continuing prayers for the well-being of your nation.

Through you, Mr Ambassador, I would like to greet all the inhabitants of Moldova, and in particular the Catholic community, under the leadership of the Bishop of Chisinau, the Most Reverend Anton Cosa.

ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS BENEDICT XVI TO H.E. MR VALERIU BOBUTACNEW AMBASSADOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVATO THE HOLY SEE, Thursday, 18 May 2006

Archbishop Francisco-Javier Lozano

ADDRESS OF JOHN PAUL II TO H.E. MR VLADIMIR VORONIN,PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA Friday, 28 November 2003

Organization Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)


OSCE Mission to Moldova, Philip N. Remler took up his duties as Head of the OSCE Mission to Moldova on 19 December 2007 after a career as a Foreign Service Officer with the U.S. State Department.

Background of Organization Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Moldova:

In spring 1992, the conflict between the separatist Transdniestrian region of Moldova and the central government escalated. Violent clashes resulted in several hundred casualties and more than 100,000 refugees. A ceasefire was agreed in July 1992 and the parties committed themselves to negotiate a settlement to the conflict. In 1993, the OSCE (then the CSCE) established a Mission in Moldova to support efforts to find a peaceful solution to this conflict.

Historical Perspective of Political Science: Leadership history of Moldavia Princes, and family geneology


Congress of Paris 1856: As a result of the conference Russia gave up the left bank of the mouth of the Danube River, including part of Bessarabia to Moldavia and gave up its claim to the special protection of Christians in the Ottoman Empire. Also Moldavia and Wallachia (which together later became Romania in 1858) along with Serbia were recognized as quasi-independent self-governing principalities under protection of the other European Powers. The sultan of Turkey agreed to in return, help improve the status of the Christian subjects in his empire


Alexander Ioan Cuza became Moldavia's minister of war in 1858, and represented Galaþi in the ad hoc Divan at Iaºi, acting under the guarantee of the European Powers in the wake of the Crimean War to nominate a prince for Moldavia. Cuza was a prominent speaker in the debates and strongly advocated the union of Moldavia and Walachia. In default of a foreign prince, he was himself nominated in both countries by the pro-unionist Partida Naþionalã (profiting from an ambiguity in the text of the governing Treaty of Paris) and elected prince of Moldavia on January 17, 1859 (January 5, Julian).


Prince Charles of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Charles (1866-1914) worked to provide Romania with efficient administration. In July 1866, the principality gained a new constitution that established a bicameral legislature, gave the prince power to veto legislation, proclaimed equality before the law, and contained guarantees of freedom of religion, speech, and assembly. Most of the constitution's civil-rights provisions, however, were not enforced, and it extended voting rights only to the landed aristocracy and clergy. The document also limited naturalization to Christians, a measure aimed at denying civil rights to Jews living in or migrating to the principality. The Romanian Orthodox Church became the official state religion. Charles, a Roman Catholic, pledged to raise his successor in the Romanian Orthodox Church.


Imperial declaration, Given at Constantinople, the 14th Djemasl-ul-Akhir, 1283 (23rd October, 1866). King Ferinand I Born in Sigmaringen in southwestern Germany, the Roman Catholic Prince Ferdinand of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was a son of Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Infanta Antónia of Portugal (1845-1913), daughter of Queen Maria II and King Ferdinand II, himself from that Slovakian-originated family.


Following the renunciations of his father and elder brother Prince Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, young Ferdinand became the heir to the throne of his childless uncle, King Carol I of Romania in November 1888. The Romanian government did not require his conversion to Eastern Orthodoxy from Catholicism, allowing him to continue with his born creed, but it was required that his children be raised Orthodox, then the state religion of Romania.

Office of the Legal Advisor
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Trilateral European group is the European Union


Federal Bureau of Investigation, Legal Attache' Offices


MOLDOVA— DEFENSE
Agreement regarding grants under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the furnishing of defense articles, related training and other defense services from the United States to Moldova.

Exchange of notes at Chisinau October 9 and 10, 1997. Entered into force October 10, 1997. Treaties and Other International Acts Series, US Department of State


MOLDOVA — DEFENSE
Acquisition and cross-servicing agreement, with annexes.
Signed at Chisinau and Stuttgart-Vaihingen July 8 and 19, 2003. Entered into force November 6, 2003. Treaties and Other International Acts Series, US Department of State

MOLDOVA — NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
Agreement to treat the agreement of June 19, 1995, among the States Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty and the other States participating in the Partnership for Peace regarding the status of their forces as binding between the United States and Moldova.
Exchange of notes at Chisinau August 1, 1996. Entered into force August 1, 1996.
Treaties and Other International Acts Series, US Department of State

MOLDOVA — Weapons of Mass Destruction
Agreement concerning cooperation in the area of the prevention of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the promotion of defense and military relations.
Signed at Chisinau June 23, 1997. Entered into force June 23, 1997.
Extension April 14 and May 14, 2003.